Source code vulnerabilities are one of the central openings that allow threat actors to carry out their cyberattacks. From code injection to denial-of-service (DOS) attacks, hackers can exploit these vulnerabilities to access users’ sensitive information. They may even move laterally to infiltrate networks and execute a costly data breach.
Static Application Security Testing (SAST) enables developers to identify errors in their source code as they write their scripts, allowing them to build higher-quality products that withstand the ever-changing threat landscape. Integrating SAST tools into teams’ development environment can involve several steps, but it ultimately streamlines the software development lifecycle (SDLC) and helps developers write cleaner, more robust code. The result is greater code security, more efficient development processes, and an end product less likely to be exploited by a threat.
Let’s understand the five stages of SAST integration. We’ll also examine some essential standards that teams can refer to and demonstrate how Kiuwan’s SAST code security tools can enhance DevSecOps processes.
Before diving into the details, it helps to have a high-level overview of the SAST integration process. In addition to the original onboarding phase, SAST tools typically function at the pre-commit, commit, build, and test checks. Therefore, a general SAST integration outline:
There is no one-size-fits-all approach to integrating a SAST tool into an integrated development environment (IDE), as the exact parameters and errors that teams will scan for will vary with each application. However, by employing it at the stages above, teams can maximize their SAST tool’s capabilities and optimize their DevSecOps processes.
It’s the first step involved in integrating SAST into the DevSecOps process. This means uploading, scanning, configuring rules, and auditing the source code. It should begin with a clean cache to ensure that old or temporary files are removed. The security analyst and development team should collaborate during the initial scan. The steps required for a successful onboarding include
Once the team has remediated all vulnerabilities identified by the first scan, the SAST tool will upload the results to the enterprise server and automatically merge them with any new scans in the previous report. This prevents developers from duplicating their work and allows them to focus their vulnerability remediation efforts only on the latest bugs introduced. This way, the application onboarding stage provides developers with a baseline scan, serving as a foundation for future work.
As with many tools, the initial SAST setup can be the most intensive part of the process. The following steps are, therefore, considerably more straightforward than the onboarding phase, proving that SAST tools are well worth the original investment.
The second stage of the process, the ruleset configuration phase, involves introducing the SAST plugin to the team’s IDE. Here, the tool scans the source code as developers write it, making recommendations and alerting them to errors. Some of the rules that may be configured for the SAST tool to check for are
As teams configure their rule sets, they should be aware of their tools’ limitations. SAST solutions have many advanced capabilities, but they lack the contextual understanding of what the application will be used for or what constitutes an error in real-life scenarios. Therefore, they may generate multiple false positives, slowing down developers’ coding. To avoid this, teams must be careful to configure their rulesets to minimize the number of false positives.
Because it would prove too tedious to resolve every single issue as it arises, developers often write new code and check it into a version control repository. This is where the next stage of SAST integration occurs.
In this phase, the SAST tool scans the code according to the same rulesets prescribed in the ruleset configuration, except that developers can implement additional criteria, such as the client’s top 10 issues. Here are some examples of rulesets at this stage:
Due to the overlap with the previous stage, scanning at this phase typically takes only five minutes.
Some sectors must follow industry-specific guidelines as they develop their code. A prevalent example is applications or products that utilize web services and adhere to the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP). Other examples include rulesets using REST services or other custom frameworks.
The exact rules configured at this phase may depend upon which standard or framework developers use, but some of the most common SAST rules are:
The scans associated with this phase take slightly longer than before, typically lasting 10–15 minutes to complete. Developers conduct other development and testing activities in parallel with this scan, further enhancing teams’ efficiency.
In this final phase, developers add any other rulesets needed to clean up their code. The result combines the SAST03 and SAST04 rulesets, creating a comprehensive set of criteria to thoroughly test their script.
The goal of the SAST scan at this phase is to catch any errors before the code goes into production, so that it’s as broad as possible. The list is not exhaustive, but here are some of the most common rules to check for:
Because the ruleset at this phase covers all bases, the final scan can take a bit longer. It usually takes 60–90 minutes but can take up to a few hours, depending on the code size. However, using the “divide and conquer” approach and spreading the rule checking across multiple phases of the DevSecOps pipeline can minimize the time needed for the final scan, keeping teams as efficient as possible.
Code vulnerabilities can pose a significant risk for cyberattacks. SAST tools help detect errors in proprietary source code, allowing teams to catch them as they arise and reduce their technical debt. Teams should refer to industry-appropriate standards and create custom rule sets to ensure that their SAST tools identify errors and minimize false positives. The process is an investment, but the payoff is a more efficient SDLC, higher-quality code, and a better, safer product.
Kiuwan offers Static Application Security Testing (SAST) and Software Composition Analysis (SCA) tools for proprietary and open-source code. Our code security solutions are supported by the leading programming languages and IDEs, making them compatible with nearly any tech stack. Request a demo today to see how our products can strengthen your code security.
